Fat cadherin cleavage releases a transcriptionally active nuclear fragment to regulate target gene expression
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The conserved atypical cadherin fat (ft) controls cellular processes such as growth, planar cell polarity, and mitochondrial function, in organisms ranging from fruit flies to mammals. Working at the apical-junctional plasma membrane the intracellular domain of the Ft protein, FtICD, binds to and regulates components of the Hippo and PCP pathways. Unexpectedly, we show that FtICD is present in the nucleus in cultured cells as well as in embryonic and larval tissues, and identify nuclear localization and nuclear export signals in FtICD required for this localization. We show that membrane-bound FtICD is cleaved and enters nuclei in vivo. Using endogenously tagged Ft as well as overexpressed FtICD we conducted ChIP-seq experiments and identified putative Ft targets including genes involved in signaling pathways, chromatin organization, pattern formation, and neural development. RNAseq demonstrates that some of these genes are differentially regulated in ft mutants. We observe strong correlations of Ft binding regions with peaks for other factors such as DREF and BEAF-32, as well as the Hpo pathway components Yorkie (Yki) and Scalloped (Sd), suggesting that Ft may act in conjunction with these factors to regulate gene expression. Supporting this hypothesis, we found that Ft can physically interact with both Yki and Sd in co-immunoprecipitation experiments in S2 cells. We propose that the modulation of Hippo pathway activity constitutes one of the nuclear functions of Ft, complementing its established function as an upstream regulator of Hippo signaling.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".