Perceived Discrimination and Sense of Community Belonging among Canadian Young Adults: A Population-Based Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: This research examines the relationship between perceived discrimination and community belonging among Canadian young adults (15-34) with diverse backgrounds. Utilizing data from the 2020 General Social Survey – Cycle 35: Social Identity, we analyze a subset of 6,326 participants using binary logistic regression. Our findings confirm the significant negative association between perceived discrimination and community belonging and shed light on varied belonging experiences observed across different sociodemographic groups. It is noted that women and specific visible minority communities (South Asian, Filipino, West Asian, and Arab Canadians) maintain a stronger sense of community belonging despite facing discrimination. In contrast, second- and third-generation immigrants’ belonging is lower than their first-generation counterparts. Our study also observes a positive connection between religious affiliation and community belonging, while disability status is associated with reduced belonging. These findings emphasize the complex nature of community belonging, highlighting the importance of addressing discrimination and fostering belonging across diverse young adult groups in Canada. Résumé: Cette recherche examine la relation entre la discrimination perçue et l’appartenance communautaire parmi les jeunes adultes canadiens (15-34 ans) issus de divers milieux. En utilisant les données de l’Enquête Sociale Générale de 2020 – Cycle 35: Identité Sociale, nous analysons un sous-ensemble de 6 326 participants par régression logistique binaire. Nos découvertes confirment l’association négative significative entre la discrimination perçue et l’appartenance communautaire et mettent en lumière les expériences variées d’appartenance observées à travers différents groupes sociodémographiques. Il est à noter que les femmes et certaines communautés de minorités visibles (Sud-Asiatiques, Philippins, Asiatiques de l’Ouest, et Canadiens Arabes) maintiennent un sentiment d’appartenance communautaire plus fort malgré la discrimination. En revanche, l’appartenance des immigrants de deuxième et troisième génération est plus faible que celle de leurs homologues de première génération. Notre étude constate également une connexion positive entre l’affiliation religieuse et l’appartenance communautaire, tandis que le statut de handicap est associé à une appartenance réduite. Ces résultats soulignent la nature complexe de l’appartenance communautaire, mettant en évidence l’importance de lutter contre la discrimination et de favoriser l’appartenance dans les divers groupes de jeunes adultes au Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".