Acute Psychological Stress and Pulse Wave Velocity: Meta‐Analysis and Recommendations for Future Research
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Repeated exposures to acute psychological stress may be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship are not fully understood. The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of acute psychological stress on central pulse wave velocity (PWV) compared to pre-stress (baseline) levels in adults free of overt CVD. Electronic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Google Scholar) were queried from inception to July 2024. Reference lists of eligible studies and previous relevant reviews were also screened. Studies were included if: (i) a noninvasive measure of PWV was used that included a central (aortic) arterial segment; (ii) participants were adults (≥ 18 years) free of overt CVD; and (iii) the acute stressor was purely psychological in nature. Appraisal and Synthesis Methods: Effect sizes were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMD) and pooled using a random-effects model. The magnitude of effect was adjudicated as trivial (< 0.2), small (0.2), moderate (0.5), or large (0.8). A total of 11,689 studies were identified, from which 7 studies (11 effects, N = 162 participants) were eligible for inclusion. Moderate Acute psychological stress induced a moderate (SMD: 0.51, p < 0.0001; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.68) increase (detrimental) in central PWV, and there was insubstantial heterogeneity between studies (Cochran's Q (10) = 2.62 (p = 0.99)). The small overall number of studies as well as key differences in study methodologies limit the ability to elucidate the magnitude and consistency of stress-induced increases in PWV. Nonetheless, the present findings suggest that acute psychological stress induces significant increases in central PWV among adults free of overt CVD. The acute PWV response to psychological stress likely contributes to elevated CVD risk over time.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.105 | 0.228 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.026 | 0.037 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".