Neural underpinnings of the continuity illusion in musicians
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The continuity illusion occurs when a sound is perceived as continuous through noise-filled interruptions and has been indexed neurophysiologically as reduced auditory theta band (4-8 Hz) power and phase-locking at the interruption boundaries. Here, we examined the behavioral and neurophysiological differences between musicians (n=16) and non-musicians (n=16) as they listened to trisyllabic words and classical music with noise interruptions. Our aim was to assess two competing hypotheses: (H1) because of their enhanced ability to detect acoustic gaps, musicians are less likely to perceive continuity and will therefore exhibit increased theta power/phase-locking at interruption boundaries compared to non-musicians. Alternatively, (H2) musicians are more likely to perceive continuity through an enhanced ability to utilize contextual cues to fill-in missing information. This top-down influence should be demonstrated by reduced theta power/phase-locking in musicians. On each trial, participants reported whether a noise-interrupted music or speech stimulus sounded continuous or interrupted. Behaviorally, musicians and non-musicians had similar rates of perceived continuity for music and speech, except musicians exhibited significantly greater continuity to speech at the shortest noise duration interruption. The oscillatory results demonstrated that relative to non-musicians, musicians had weaker theta phase-locking to the interruption boundaries in both music and speech, supporting H2. Musicians also exhibited enhanced alpha (8-13 Hz) and beta (14-30 Hz) power for both music and speech relative to non-musicians, reflecting inhibitory processes. We conclude that musicians exhibit enhanced auditory-motor inhibition to noise interruptions in both music and speech and infer this is due to their enhanced ability to utilize contextual cues.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".