IL-33-induced Alterations in Lung Macrophage Phenotypes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Rationale: IL-33 administered before chlorine inhalation in mice demonstrates protective effects against airway hyperresponsiveness and neutrophilic inflammation, a protection that is lost when macrophages are depleted. However, the specific macrophage subsets and their phenotypes involved have not been elucidated. The aim of the current study was to characterize the effects of IL-33 administration on macrophage polarization and to assess if type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) derived IL-13 contributes to this effect. Methods: Female wild-type BALB/c mice (8-12 weeks) were intranasally administered recombinant IL-33 or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for three consecutive days under light isoflurane anesthesia. Two days after the last exposure, lung cells were digested and single-cell suspensions prepared. Macrophages were enriched by adherence and were analyzed by RT-qPCR for gene expression. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate M1 markers (CD80, inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS) and M2 markers (CD206, arginase-1, Arg1) in alveolar, monocyte-derived, and interstitial macrophages. To examine the role of IL-13, anti-IL-13 antibody or the isotype control IgG were administered intraperitoneally 2 hours after the last rIL-33 administration and 12 hours before chlorine exposure. Results: Alveolar macrophages from IL-33-treated mice showed a significant upregulation of Arg1, whereas both Arg1 and CD206 were increased in monocyte-derived and interstitial macrophages. RT-qPCR revealed an upregulation of the M2 markers (IL-5, IL-13, IL-10, CCL-17) after IL-33 treatments, whereas M1 markers (TGF-β, IFN-γ, CXCL-10) showed no significant change. Anti-IL-13 treatment did not significantly alter macrophage phenotype assessed by flow cytometry but induced M1 polarization and IL-10 upregulation by RT-qPCR. Conclusions: IL-33 induces M2 polarization in lung macrophages, potentially mediated by IL-10. The lack of significant changes with anti-IL-13 suggests that IL-33 may drive M2 polarization independently of ILC2-derived IL-13.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".