A Dynamic Self‐Healing Protective Layer Enabling Stable Zinc Ion Batteries through Strong Zn‐S Affinity and Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising for large‐scale energy storage, yet Zn metal anodes face issues like hydrogen evolution, dendrite growth, and corrosion. Herein, we develop a self‐healable, adhesive polymer layer for AZIBs by polymerizing thioctic acid (TA) on Zn surfaces. Thanks to the strong and spontaneous affinity between Zn metal surface and S atoms on polymer chains, this protective layer can firmly and dynamically adhere to the Zn surface. Thus, even at a thickness of <1 µm, the protective layer exhibits a strong adhesion force of up to 10.5 N with Zn surface, while the abundant carboxyl groups in the protective layer can form intramolecular hydrogen bonds, endowing its high self‐healing property and enhancing its strength (Young's modulus reaches 15.1 GPa). Such a protective layer effectively inhibits the dendrite growth physically and regulates the Zn 2+ migration and deposition behavior chemically. Therefore, the symmetric cells can be cycled for more than 1000 h at the current densities of 1.0 and 5.0 mA cm −2 , respectively. Full cells with NH4V4O10 also run stably for 1000 cycles with a high capacity retention. This work offers a promising strategy for designing multifunctional polymer coating towards high‐stability and long‐cycling AZIBs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".