A cautionary tale about hydrogen reference electrodes in nitrogen cycle electrochemistry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Nitrogen cycle electrochemistry involves important reactions such as ammonia synthesis from dinitrogen or from nitrates and the oxidation of hydrazine or urea fuels. Many of these applications require the reliable detection of ammonia and the precise reporting of applied potentials. We now report that a commercial reversible hydrogen electrode catalyzes an undesired chemical reaction between hydrogen (from the electrode cartridge) and NOx anions (from the electrolyte), generating ammonia in the absence of any applied potential. In addition to skewing the reported ammonia yields, this leads to a mixed potential and wrong reports of electrocatalytic onset potentials, compromising the measurements on several levels. Awareness and mitigation of these ubiquitous effects will allow nitrogen cycle electrocatalysis studies to advance on solid ground.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.033 | 0.098 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.016 | 0.040 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".