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Record W4410361213 · doi:10.3390/photonics12050484

High-Bandwidth Silicon Strip Waveguide-Based Electro-Optical Modulator in Series Push–Pull Configuration

2025· article· en· W4410361213 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.

Bibliographic record

VenuePhotonics · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicPhotonic and Optical Devices
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaCMC Microsystems
KeywordsOptoelectronicsBandwidth (computing)Silicon photonicsMaterials scienceOptical modulatorSiliconWaveguideElectro-absorption modulatorOpticsIntegrated opticsElectro-optic modulatorPush pullComputer scienceTelecommunicationsElectrical engineeringPhase modulationPhysicsSemiconductorSemiconductor laser theoryEngineering

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Silicon modulators operating at high speeds are crucial for contemporary optical communication systems; nevertheless, their performance is limited by the resistance–capacitance (RC) time constant. This research introduces a modulator based on a silicon strip waveguide, also known as a capacitively coupled silicon modulator (CC-Si), arranged in a series push–pull (SPP) configuration, which effectively addresses the constraints imposed by the RC time constant. The modulator demonstrates a consistent electro-optic (EO) response that extends to 68 GHz. Furthermore, it achieves a phase shift of 0.022 radians for a C-band optical wave when exposed to a 15 GHz radio frequency (RF) modulation signal with an amplitude of 2.45 V.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.356
Threshold uncertainty score0.953

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.005
GPT teacher head0.210
Teacher spread0.205 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it