Influence of a local bioclimatic gradient on wild bees in boreal forest clearcuts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Variation in wild bee assemblages along climatic gradients is still poorly known, particularly in eastern Canada. In this study, we assessed wild bee communities in forest stands that were recently clearcut along a latitudinal bioclimatic gradient. The analyses were conducted at two taxonomic levels: first at the genus level for bees as a whole (Anthophila) and then at the species level for bumble bees (Bombus spp. Latreille) (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Coloured pan traps were used to catch bees and a point-intercept method was used to survey floristic composition at each site. Abundance and richness of Anthophila genera and abundance of bumble bee species were inversely related to latitude, but richness of bumble bee species was not, being instead associated with sections of the gradient. These results indicate that the relationship between wild bee diversity and latitude varies among taxa and that climate and floristic resources probably each play a role. Bombus terricola, a species of concern in eastern Canada, was found in relatively high numbers throughout the study area. To our knowledge, this study provides the first assessment of wild bees in clearcuts in the province of Quebec, showing a clear differentiation of the communities along a spatial bioclimatic gradient.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".