Investigating Consumer Xenocentrism in Emerging Markets: The Mediating Role of Product Judgments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Building on the growing literature on consumer xenocentrism (C-XEN), this study aims to enhance our understanding of this construct by proposing a theoretical framework that investigates C-XEN antecedents, control variables, and its impact on consumers’ willingness to buy foreign products, while also testing the mediating role of product judgments. Based on a sample of 480 Tunisian consumers, descriptive statistics and covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) analyses reveal that C-XEN is primarily predicted by the product’s country of origin (COO) and consumer disidentification (CDI). The findings also indicate that while C-XEN significantly impacts the willingness to purchase foreign products, it is more strongly associated with favorable judgments or attitudes toward them. This paper seeks to enrich the growing body of C-XEN literature by suggesting and testing a new C-XEN model integrating its main antecedents and outcomes, in a MENA developing country like Tunisia. Theoretical and managerial implications of these results are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".