A direct derivation method for acceleration and displacement floor response spectra
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The performance of acceleration-sensitive non-structural components (NSCs) in past earthquakes has driven many research efforts in the evaluation of seismic demands, especially in terms of the acceleration floor response spectra (FRS). However, some acceleration-sensitive NSCs failed to function due to excessive displacement relative to the point of support after the events. This study focuses on improving the evaluation of both acceleration and displacement FRS of NSCs supported on single-degree-of-freedom structures (SDOFs). The responses of the NSCs are first derived analytically using Duhamel’s integral and validated against results from time history analyses. A direct method for FRS generation from input ground response spectra is developed through modification and simplification of the analytical expressions, with a modified combination method. The proposed method requires only the natural frequencies and damping ratios of the supporting structure and the NSC, and the input ground response spectra for the FRS evaluation. The proposed direct derivation method is compared against methods developed by other researchers for evaluation of FRS for linear SDOFs with different frequencies and NSCs with different damping ratios. The proposed method shows more accurate and consistent results than other methods in evaluation of both acceleration and displacement FRS supported on linear SDOF structures. The application of the proposed equations to bilinear SDOFs with slight nonlinearity also shows reasonable accuracy of the proposed direct FRS derivation method.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".