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Record W4410500566 · doi:10.3390/min15050534

Testing Pyrrhotite Trace Element Chemistry as a Vector Towards the Mineralization in the Sullivan Deposit, B.C.

2025· article· en· W4410500566 on OpenAlexafffund
Naci Sertug Senol, Daniel D. Gregory, Indrani Mukherjee, Nelson Román, Roisin Kyne, Kaleb S. Boucher

Bibliographic record

VenueMinerals · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicGeochemistry and Geologic Mapping
Canadian institutionsTeck (Canada)
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaUniversity of Toronto
KeywordsPyrrhotiteMineralization (soil science)Trace elementGeochemistryChemistryTRACE (psycholinguistics)GeologyMineralogyEnvironmental chemistryPyriteSoil scienceSoil water

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Mineral exploration methods are expensive and time-consuming, especially in recent times, where many near-surface deposits have been found and exploited. To overcome these challenges, new strategies must be developed. Here, we test whether the trace element chemistry of pyrrhotite changes systematically with distance from mineralization at the Sullivan deposit, British Columbia. If so, this could provide an additional tool to search for new ore bodies. Forty samples of the hanging wall, footwall, and mineralization hosting stratigraphy (host horizon) were collected from seven drill holes, both proximal and distal to the Sullivan deposit. These samples were analyzed using reflected light microscopy, an electron microprobe, and LA-ICPMS (laser ablation, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry). A total of three hundred and ninety LA-ICPMS analyses were used to build machine learning classifiers (cluster analysis and random forests) to determine whether an unknown pyrrhotite sample was from the mineralized horizon and, if so, whether it was proximal or distal to the mineralization. Our study found that the trace element abundance in pyrrhotite was higher in the footwall and hanging wall compared to the host horizon, and within the host horizon, was higher distal to the mineralization.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.368
Threshold uncertainty score0.344

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.022
GPT teacher head0.251
Teacher spread0.229 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2025
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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