A Survey-Based Study Examining Exercise in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) Patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To better understand why some postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) patients incorporate exercise regularly into their treatment and what barriers challenge others. BACKGROUND: POTS is a chronic autonomic condition in which patients experience orthostatic intolerance and abnormal tachycardia. Exercise is often recommended as a self-care modification, but many POTS patients face barriers to optimizing exercise. DESIGN/METHODS: We sent an institutional review board-approved survey via the patient e-messenger (MyChart, Epic Systems, Verona, WI) to 421 patients who participated in a shared medical appointment (SMA) by Zoom (Zoom Video Communications, San Jose, CA) within our tertiary care center between March 2022 and October 2022. The survey gathered data for the following variables: demographics, gender, body identity, symptoms that interfere with exercise, exercise tolerance, exercise prescription, attitude toward exercise, and exercise resource accessibility. RESULTS: Of the 421 patients messaged through MyChart, 260-286 (61.75%-67.93%) responses were formally submitted per question. A total of 221/283 (78.09%) patients have had exercise recommended as a lifestyle modification; 220/286 (76.92%) patients exercised regularly before experiencing POTS symptoms; 167/271 (61.62%) patients were unsatisfied with their exercise regimen; 111/271 (40.95%) felt like others are critical of how much they exercise; 157/267 (58.80%) patients did not feel proud of how their body looks; 116/265 (43.77%) said they are ashamed of their body; 137/265 (51.69%) patients said exercise makes them feel worse; 176/266 (66.16%) patients wanted to stop exercising due to excessive sweating; 220/267 (82.39%) patients experienced dizziness while exercising; 159/266 (59.77%) patients experienced nausea while exercising. CONCLUSION: Most patients include exercise in their POTS treatment plan, and have a background in exercise before being diagnosed. However, many patients have negative self-identity and body image post diagnosis and experience symptoms while exercising that create barriers to physical activity. Managing exercise barriers for POTS patients in care delivery could improve exercise outcomes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".