Synergistic Effect of Thermoneutral Housing and Chronotherapeutic PD-1 Blockade Overcomes Melanoma Resistance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Immune-checkpoint blockade transformed melanoma therapy, yet the B16-F10 model resists PD-1 inhibition. Sub-thermoneutral housing (22°C) causes cold stress, and dosing outside circadian immune peaks dampens anti-tumour immunity. We hypothesised eliminating both would render B16-F10 curable. Methods C57BL/6 mice (n=40) with B16-F10 tumours were randomised to conventional (22°C; ZT22 PD-1 timing), chronotherapy only (22°C; ZT4), thermoneutrality only (30°C; ZT22), or “double-hit” (30°C; ZT4). Anti-PD-1 was given on days 3, 6, 9, 12. Tumour volume, weight, survival, and day-14 serum IFN-γ were recorded. Synergy threshold Δ ≥ 20% was prespecified. Results Day 14 control tumours were 1207±48 mm 3 . Chronotherapy and thermoneutrality slowed growth (737±55 mm 3 and 565±28 mm 3 respectively; p<0.0001). The double-hit nearly halted progression (43±12 mm 3 , –96%; p<10□ 1 □), yielding seven complete responses and 100% survival. IFN-γ increased 8.8-fold versus control (430±24 vs 48±7 pg mL□ 1 ; p<10□ 1 □). Bliss Δ was 25%, confirming synergy. Conclusions Removing cold stress and circadian mistiming unmasks curative PD-1 response in refractory melanoma. Available warming blankets and morning infusions suggest a practical tactic to rescue PD-1 efficacy in “cold” tumours. A factorial multicentre trial is warranted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".