Tracking the genome-wide occupancy of Arabidopsis LEAFY COTYLEDON1 in endosperm development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Endosperm development is crucial for embryo growth and seed maturation. LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1), expressed in both endosperm and embryo, serves as a key regulator of seed development, orchestrating processes such as embryogenesis and seed maturation. LEC1 expression in the endosperm is detectable within a day after fertilization, yet its specific regulatory networks and developmental functions in this tissue remain unclear. To address this, we employed a modified INTACT system to isolate endosperm nuclei and performed ChIP-seq to map the genome-wide binding profile of LEC1 in developing endosperm. Integrating ChIP-seq with transcriptomic analyses, we uncover a critical role for LEC1 in regulating diverse biological pathways. Differential gene expression analysis in the endosperms of lec1 mutant and wild type shows substantial changes, particularly in genes involved in secondary cell wall biogenesis, photosynthesis, and lipid metabolism. Notably, LEC1's regulatory networks in the endosperm shift significantly after cellularization, with distinct genes being activated in the cellular and degeneration stages. The absence of LEC1 causes significant alterations in endosperm metabolism, particularly affecting storage lipid fatty acid composition. These findings provide insights into the essential role of LEC1 in endosperm development and its broader impact on seed formation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".