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Record W4410558905 · doi:10.1080/15332640.2025.2505748

Emerging from the shadows: A qualitative report with Panjabi women caregivers to partners with substance use disorder

2025· article· en· W4410558905 on OpenAlexaffabout
Rohan Kakkar, Kanwarpreet Kaur Dhaliwal, Varinder Singh Kamboj, Imroze Singh Deol, Nitasha Puri

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicPoverty, Education, and Child Welfare
Canadian institutionsUniversity of British ColumbiaFraser Health
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSubstance useQualitative researchPsychologyPsychiatryMedicineClinical psychologySociologySocial science

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This paper presents a qualitative report of semi-structured interviews with 10 Panjabi women who are caregivers to men (specifically husbands) with substance use disorder (SUD) in Surrey, British Columbia, Canada. Core themes identified depict the significant burden caregivers carry due to managing simultaneous financial and parenting duties, negative emotional impacts of caregiving, and attempts to conceal substance use by both the participants and their husbands. Despite this, all participants shared nuanced reasons to stay in their marriage, including for their children, for financial stability or to avoid stigmatization. Participants emphasized the need for culturally competent care, family involvement in SUD treatment, compassion toward people with SUD and increased resources for women caregivers.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: Qualitative
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.356
Threshold uncertainty score0.997

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.032
GPT teacher head0.361
Teacher spread0.329 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designQualitative
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2025
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

Explore more

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