Inheritance of acquired adaptive cold tolerance in rice through DNA methylation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Epigenetic pathways could provide a mechanistic explanation for the inheritance of acquired characteristics, as proposed by Lamarck in 1802, but epigenetic alterations that endow adaptive hereditary traits have rarely been observed. Here, in cultivated Asian rice (Oryzasativa L.), we identified an epiallele conferring acquired and heritable cold tolerance, an adaptive trait enabling northward spread from its tropical origins. We subjected cold-sensitive rice to multigenerational cold stress and identified a line with acquired stable inheritance of cold tolerance. DNA-hypomethylation variation in the acquiredcoldtolerance 1 (ACT1) promoter region rendered its expression insensitive to cold. This change is, in large part, responsible for the acquired cold tolerance, as confirmed by DNA-methylation editing. Natural variation in ACT1 DNA hypomethylation is associated with cold tolerance and rice geographic distribution. Hypomethylation at ACT1 triggers adaptive cold tolerance, presenting a route to epigenetic-variation-driven inheritance of acquired characteristics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".