PULSE WAVE VELOCITY IS SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED IN MASTER ATHLETES COMPARED TO SEDENTARY OLDER PERSONS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: Pulse wave velocity (PWV), which independently predicts cardiovascular risk, increases with advancing age. Lifelong physical activity may attenuate vascular aging and associated cardiovascular risks. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that older, highly trained athletes are protected from vascular stiffening compared to age-matched control persons. Design and method: We recruited 30 master athletes (73.9 ± 6.5 years, 23.8 ± 2.8 kg/m2, 8 women) during the 25th World Master Athletics Championships in 2024 (Gothenburg, Sweden). We excluded athletes with significant cardiovascular disease. The sedentary control group comprised 49 participants (age 73.8 ± 6.5 years, BMI 26.3 ± 3.6 kg/m2, 22 women) of the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Frailty Interventional Trial (MV-Fit). We measured supine heart rate and upper arm oscillometric mean, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure and carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) using an oscillometric approach (Vicorder) according to current guidelines. Results: Both groups were well matched for age (p = 0.9459). BMI was significantly lower in master athletes (p = 0.0010). Heart rate tended to be lower in athletes (p = 0.0573) but mean arterial pressure did not differ between groups (MV-Fit: 95.8 ± 11.5; athletes: 94.34 ± 10.2; p=0.9003). cfPWV was higher in the sedentary control group compared to master athletes (control: 11.1 ± 1.95 m/s, master athletes: 9.2 ± 1.7 m/s; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The important finding of our study is that age-related vascular stiffening is substantially attenuated in highly trained older athletes. The finding further supports the idea that life-long vigorous physical exercise could promote cardiovascular health.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".