Continuation vs Withdrawal of Beta-Blockers and Outcomes After Myocardial Infarction With Preserved Left Ventricular Function
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The role of routine beta-blocker (BB) use after uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated with contemporary therapies is not well established. OBJECTIVES: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked registry and administrative data to evaluate whether early BB discontinuation (a prescription ending within 180 days of discharge) is associated with clinical outcomes. METHODS: We included patients who survived at least 180 days after AMI from 2008 to 2017 with new BB prescription and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%. The primary outcome was a composite of recurrent AMI, myocardial revascularization, or all-cause mortality within 5 years. Secondary outcomes were each of the components of the composite. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between early BB discontinuation and outcomes. RESULTS: Among the 4,768 included patients, 1,155 (24.2%) discontinued BB within 180 days of AMI discharge. During a median follow-up time of 57 months, 964 patients (20.2%) experienced the primary outcome. Early BB discontinuation was not associated with an increased risk of the primary outcome (adjusted HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.94-1.26), or with all-cause mortality (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.86-1.26). However, early BB discontinuation was associated with an increased risk for recurrent AMI and a higher rate of repeat revascularization. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction after AMI, discontinuation of BB within 180 days was not associated with a significantly increased risk of a composite outcome of death, recurrent AMI, or revascularization but was associated with increased risk of recurrent AMI and need for repeat revascularization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".