Acoustic communication in bark beetles (Scolytinae): Diversity and Function with a focus on Scolytus multistriatus (smaller European elm bark beetle) and Ips pini (pine engraver beetle)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many bark beetle species (Scolytinae) are known or proposed to produce acoustic signals in various behavioural contexts, yet major gaps remain in understanding which species produce signals, how they are generated, transmitted, detected, and their roles in survival. This thesis addresses some underlying questions about sound production and communication in bark beetles. Chapter 2 provides a comprehensive review of sound production mechanisms in adult bark beetles, highlighting current knowledge, identifying knowledge gaps, and suggesting directions for future research. In Chapter 3, I use Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham, 1802) as a model to investigate the morphology of the lesser-studied Gular-prosternal (G-Pr) stridulatory organ in both males and females. I recorded both sexes in four different contexts to assess their sound production capability. Despite the presence of the G-Pr organ in both sexes, no sound was produced in any of the examined behavioural contexts. I discuss possible reasons for the absence of sound production in this species and suggest directions for future research. In chapter 4 I test the antipredator function of disturbance sounds using Ips pini (Say, 1826) and one of its natural predators, Thanasimus dubius (Fabricius, 1777) through several hypotheses and predictions. For the first time, I developed a laser vibrometer method to accurately monitor signalling during predation events. I found strong support for chirps in female I. pini functioning to thwart predator attacks mainly through deimatic display, and potentially as recruitment signalling among female conspecifics. Overall, this research makes significant contributions to the study of bark beetle acoustic communication. It includes a comprehensive review of the topic, an in-depth study of the G-Pr organ using S. multistriatus, and an investigation into the function of disturbance sounds using I. pini and its natural predator, T. dubius.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".