Pregnancy outcomes after maternal and paternal anti-IL-1 treatment exposure in cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of paternal and maternal anti-IL-1 treatment exposures on pregnancies and neonatal outcomes in CAPS. METHODS: A single-centre study consecutive adult CAPS patients and their partners was performed between January 2012 and July 2024. All were screened for pregnancies and anti-IL-1 exposure before conception and/or during pregnancy; teratogenic co-therapies resulted in exclusion. Data included patient characteristics, disease activity, anti-IL-1 treatment, pregnancy complications, neonatal outcomes and child health trajectories. RESULTS: Among 112 patients 11 pregnancies were recorded including eight maternal and three paternal anti-IL-1 exposures. All patients had moderate CAPS, 43% had hearing loss. At conception, all patients received canakinumab. Among the eight maternal exposures, six switched to anakinra, one refused the switch and continued canakinumab, and one had to be switched back to canakinumab due to significant local injection reactions. Pregnancy complications included one miscarriage and one preterm birth, both associated with disease activity. Neonatal outcomes were favorable, with a mean gestational age of 37 + 6 weeks and an average birth weight of 3028 g. No congenital malformations were observed. Neonatal complications included one presumed sepsis (culture negative) requiring IV antibiotics and one mild respiratory syncytial virus infection. CAPS was diagnosed in 5 of 11 offspring, all of whom achieved effective disease control early, with no cases of hearing loss or amyloidosis. CONCLUSION: In summary, the benefit risk ratio of maternal and paternal anti-IL-1 exposure during conception and pregnancy in our CAPS patients was favourable. CAPS disease activity may have a significant impact on development of pregnancy complications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".