Postprandial Bioavailability and Efficacy of Recombinant Bovine β-Lactoglobulin for Resistance Training-Induced Skeletal Muscle Adaptation in Young Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Increasing concerns surrounding the environmental impact of animal- and plant-derived proteins warrants further investigations of alternative protein sources and their efficacy for supporting skeletal muscle anabolism. Herein, the postprandial amino acid bioavailability of a novel protein derived from recombinant bovine β-lactoglobulin (rBLG) was determined, alongside the muscle adaptive response to resistance exercise (RE) with rBLG, compared with dairy-derived whey (WHEY). METHODS: Healthy adults ( n = 8; age: 24 ± 4 yr; BMI: 23.5 ± 2.1 kg·m 2 ) completed a randomized crossover study and ingested 0.3 g·kg -1 ·body mass -1 of rBLG or WHEY with arterialized blood sampled in the fasted state and 240 min postprandially for measurement of plasma amino acid concentrations via UPLC-MS. In a separate double-blind randomized parallel group design, 24 healthy adults completed thrice-weekly lower-body RE for 8 wk, with twice daily supplementation of 0.3 g·kg -1 ·body mass -1 rBLG ( n = 12; age: 23 ± 6 yr; BMI: 25.6 ± 3.4 kg·m 2 ) or WHEY ( n = 12; age: 25 ± 6 yr; BMI 25.1 ± 3.1 kg·m 2 ). Training-induced changes in muscle strength and DEXA-derived leg lean body mass (LBM) were assessed. RESULTS: Plasma essential amino acid concentrations increased after protein ingestion ( P < 0.001), but did not differ between trials ( P = 0.554). Mean plasma leucine incremental area under curve was greater following rBLG compared with WHEY (mean diff, 10727; 95% confidence interval, 7738-13716) μmol·240 min·L -1 ; P < 0.001). LBM and leg press 1RM increased after training (mean diff±SD: 0.65 ± 0.70 kg and 81.46 ± 42.81 kg, respectively; P < 0.05), with no differences between groups ( P > 0.05). Training volume and daily protein intake did not differ between groups ( P > 0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: These data highlight rBLG, a sustainable, precision-engineered mimetic of dairy-derived whey as a novel protein source with the capacity to support skeletal muscle anabolism and exercise-induced remodeling similarly to dairy-derived whey.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".