Structural Elucidation of a Unique Glycerophospho Lipid A From Phenol‐Phase Soluble Lipopolysaccharide of <i> <scp>Vibrio anguillarum</scp> Serovar SJ‐41 </i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
RATIONALE: In this study, the chemical structure of a unique lipid A derived from the phenol-phase soluble lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Vibrio anguillarum serovar SJ-41, a virulent marine and freshwater pathogen, was investigated using electrospray ionization with field asymmetric wave ion mobility-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (ESI-FAIMS-MS). The analysis indicated that the obtained lipid A consisted of a heterogeneous mixture of molecules. High-energy collision dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (HCD-MS/MS) allowed the identification of unique chemical motifs of V. anguillarum lipid A. METHODS: ESI-FAIMS-MS, HCD-MS/MS, and Kendrick mass defect (KMD) plots were used to elucidate V. anguillarum lipid A molecular structure and mixture heterogeneity. RESULTS: Structural analysis revealed significant deviations from canonical lipid A, including the presence of a phospho-glycerol moiety located on primary acyl chain at the O-3 position of reducing sugar end and presence of novel di-hydroxylated primary acyl chains on the N-2' position of the non-reducing sugar end. As far as we know, this is the first report of lipid A structures containing both phospho-glycerol moiety and di-hydroxylated primary acyl chains. KMD plots were employed to investigate structural diversity of lipid A complex mixture. CONCLUSIONS: Tandem mass spectrometric analyses and KMD plots allowed the determination of lipid A structural diversity. These findings provide new insights into the lipid A composition of V. anguillarum strain SJ-41 and underscore the need for further studies to explore its biological implications, potentially reshaping our understanding of lipid A and its role in host-pathogen interactions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".