The Correlation Between Zinc Intake and Superoxide Dismutase Activity with Cognitive Function in the Elderly
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to analyse the correlation between zinc intake and superoxide dismutase (SOD) with cognitive function in the elderly. Thus, the role of zinc as a structural component of SOD, along with SOD’s contribution to cognitive function, can be established. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Panti Sosial Tresna Wredha Budi Mulia 1 in Jakarta, Indonesia, from July to September 2024. Elderly men and women were included. Zinc intake was assessed using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, while plasma SOD activity was measured by spectrophotometer. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Indonesia version. Data were analysed using bivariate testing and multivariate linear regression. Results: A total of 85 subjects were included with a median age of 69 years (61.2% were female and 38.8% male). The majority (72.9%) had primary-level education and 87.1% had chronic diseases. The mean physical activity score was 75.4 ± 39.8, the mean body mass index was 21.8 ± 3.9 kg/m2 and the median daily calorie intake was 1,927.8 kcal/day (range: 1,341.7–2,167.0 kcal/day). No correlation was found between zinc intake and cognitive function. However, a significant correlation (P = 0.006, r = 0.296) was observed between SOD levels and cognitive function, with multivariate analysis indicating that gender, education and SOD accounted for 15.9% of the variance in cognitive function. Conclusion: This study found no significant correlation between zinc intake and cognitive function. However, SOD activity were significantly correlated with cognitive function in the elderly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".