Cerebral Saturation and Fractional Tissue Oxygen Extraction Are Associated with Anterior Cerebral Artery Doppler Parameters in Neonates with Congenital Heart Defects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
<p>Introduction: The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between near-infrared spectroscopy parameters (cerebral saturation [CSat] and corresponding cerebral fractional tissue oxygen extraction [cFTOE]) with resistive (RI) and pulsatility indices (PI) of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) obtained simultaneously in neonates with congenital heart defect (CHD) during the first week of life. Methods: Prospective observational study on neonates ≥35 weeks with CHD was conducted. Cerebral FTOE was based on concomitant pre-ductal oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) during CSat measurement. ACA was assessed via Doppler ultrasound (US). Continuous CSat/SpO<sub>2</sub> monitoring was collected during the first week of life. Daily ACA Doppler was obtained from day 1–7. Results: A total of 142 concomitant measurements of NIRS and US parameters during the first week of life were collected in 34 neonates with various CHD. Mixed effect models showed significant association between CSat/cFTOE and time-corresponding RI-ACA (p = 0.02 and 0.005) and PI-ACA (p = 0.006 and 0.002), respectively. A 0.1-point increase in RI was associated to a 2.3% decrease in CSat and a 3-point increase in cFTOE. A 0.1-point increase in PI was associated to a 0.9% decrease in CSat and 1.1-point increase in cFTOE. Conclusions: In neonates with CHD during their first week of life, lower CSat and higher cerebral FTOE were associated with elevated RI and PI values of the ACA obtained simultaneously. Future research should assess whether a multimodal bedside approach to monitoring cerebrovascular hemodynamics can facilitate early detection of cerebral hypoperfusion and prevent brain injury, as well as adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in this vulnerable population. </p>
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".