Assessment of pH-Induced Conformational Changes in Whey Protein Isolate–Dextran Conjugate Using Spectral Technology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The functional properties of proteins are closely related to their structure and conformation. The effects of glycosylation and pH on the structural and conformational changes in whey protein isolate (WPI) were investigated using multispectral technology. More and higher-molecular-weight molecules of WPI–dextran conjugates (WDCs) with increased degrees of glycosylation (DGs) in SDS-PAGE occurred at the expense of band intensities of α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin. The higher wavenumber shift in FTIR peaks of WPI after glycosylation in the Amide I, II, and III regions and the decrease in its intensity occurred. The maximum absorption wavelength (λmax) of UV-Vis spectra of WPI before and after glycosylation in the range of 260–290 nm showed no significant difference in a pH range of 2.0–10.0. Moreover, the UV-Vis absorption intensities of WDCs at λmax around 278 nm were highly and positively correlated with their DGs. The λmax and intensities of total intrinsic fluorescence spectra of Tyr and Trp residues in WDCs with an increase in DGs had an obvious redshift and decrease, respectively. Although the intensities of synchronous fluorescence spectra of individual Tyr or Trp residues in WDCs with an increase in DGs also gradually decreased, the λmax of the former and latter had a blueshift and redshift, respectively. UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies indicated that the changes in the λmax and intensity of WPI were closely related to the protonation states of carbonyl groups and free amino groups and the degree of glycosylation. This work may be beneficial for understanding the structural and conformational changes in proteins by measuring the microenvironment around Tyr and/or Trp residues in proteins using UV-Vis absorption and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopies, providing a promising technique for quantitatively monitoring the degree of glycosylation (DG) in a rapid and practical way without any chemical reagents using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".