Isatin: A key player in multi-component reactions for heterocycle synthesis
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Considering the very important medicinal and biological properties of heterocycles including isatin skeleton, synthesis of isatin-containing compounds has attracted the attention of medicinal and organic chemists, especially researchers involved in the synthesis of heterocycles. The present review focuses on the recent investigation in the synthesis of heterocycles with isatin moiety using isatin derivatives as reaction reactants via multi-component for the period of 2014–2024. The reports were classified according to the conditions of the reactions, which distinguishes this review from similar studies. In some reports, green chemistry has been used, such as the use of green solvent, green and reusable catalyst, solvent-free conditions, microwave irradiations and ultrasonic irradiations. Most reviews of isatin published so far have focused only on spirooxindoles, but this review not only addresses the condition for the synthesis of spirooxindoles, but also the synthesis of other isatin-contaning heterocycles such as pyrroloquinolines, imidazole-indoles and pyrazoloquinoline. The main objective of this review is to present an overview of the latest methodologies involving isatin in the multicomponent synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, specifically for organic and medicinal chemists.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it