Does traffic‐related air pollution exposure alter blood gas parameters in recreationally trained male cyclists during prolonged endurance exercise?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Exposure to air pollution has been a significant challenge in large cities as São Paulo, Brazil, particularly for individuals exercising outdoors. The increasing on ventilation (VE) during physical effort can lead to greater pollutant inhalation. Our goal in the present study evaluated whether air pollution exposure affects venous blood gases and if it has an impact on performance during a 50‐km cycling time trial (TT). Ten male cyclists performed the TT in an environmental chamber under TRAP and filtered air conditions. Venous blood samples collected pre‐ and post‐TT were analyzed for pH, PvCO 2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide in venous blood), PvO 2 (partial pressure of oxygen in venous blood) hematocrit (Htc), hemoglobin (Hb), and oxygen saturation (SvO 2 ). PM 2.5 levels were significantly lower in filtered air (11.2 ± 4.7 μm/m 3 ) than in TRAP (34.6 ± 10.8 μm/m 3 ). There was no significant difference in mean power output between conditions ( p = 0.907, d = 0.038). Blood gas parameters showed no condition effect or interaction, but time significantly affected PvO 2 ( p = 0.04), Hb ( p < 0.01), Htc ( p < 0.01), and PvCO 2 ( p = 0.02). These findings suggest recreationally trained cyclists experience no performance impairment under TRAP, with minimal changes in venous blood gas parameters.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".