Resilience and performance of Islamic and conventional banks amid oil price uncertainty
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The influence of religiosity on stock price performance continues to be a subject of debate, particularly in dual banking systems, where Islamic banks (IBs) operate alongside conventional banks (CBs). This study uses an extensive dataset and applies a recursive window-based asymmetric VAR-GARCH-in-mean-BEKK model to examine the impact of oil price uncertainty (OPU) on IBs and CBs' stock returns in net oil-exporting (Egypt, Indonesia, Kuwait, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE) and oil-importing (Bangladesh, Jordan, Pakistan, and Turkey) countries. Although the findings provide partial insights into IB resilience, they are inconclusive enough to holistically confirm the superiority of either IBs or CBs. This study contributes to the existing literature and emphasizes the need for further investigation of these dynamics. Understanding the effect of OPU on bank profitability is essential for long-term investors, policymakers, and those involved in regulatory reforms focused on promoting economic growth, profitability, and risk management within a dual banking system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".