Trunk muscle endurance and upper extremity performance in healthy adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between trunk muscle endurance and upper extremity performance in healthy adult individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 139 healthy individuals aged between 18-59 were recruited for the study. The McGill Trunk Muscle Endurance Tests, Upper Limb Rotation Test, Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test, and Upper Extremity Y-Balance Test were evaluated to investigate the correlation between trunk muscle endurance and upper extremity performance. Results: A same-directional and low-level relationship was found between upper extremity rotation test scores and extensor endurance and flexor endurance test scores [rs=0.382; rs=0.329; rs=0.244; rs=0.243; (p<0.001)]. A same-directional and moderate relationship was found between upper extremity rotation test scores and flexor endurance, right and left lateral endurance scores [rs=0.446; rs=0.453; rs=0.460; rs=0.476; (p<0.001)]. A direct low level relationship was found between closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test score and trunk endurance test scores [rs=0.265; rs=0.208; rs=0.319; rs=0.359; (p<0.001)]. Also, a same-directional and low-level relationship was found between upper extremity Y-balance test scores and extensor and flexor endurance test scores [rs=0.275; rs=0.232; rs=0.274; rs=0.361; (p<0.001)]. A same-directional and moderate relationship was found between upper extremity Y-balance test scores and right and left lateral endurance test scores [rs=0.460; rs=0.432; rs=0.503; rs=0.455; (p<0.001)]. Conclusions: The results indicate that as trunk muscle endurance improved in healthy adults, there is a linear increase in upper extremity performance. These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of the kinetic chain in movements and the significant relationship between upper extremity and trunk stability. Therefore, this study suggests that to enhance individuals’ upper extremity performance, trunk muscle endurance exercises should take place in training programmes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".