Comprehensive genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the EPF/EPFL gene family in oat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Epidermal pattern factor-like (EPF/EPFL) genes are a unique class of small, secreted peptides found in plants that play crucial roles in plant stress responses. A genome-wide analysis revealed 33 AsEPF/EPFL genes in oats (Avena sativa), with 28 containing the conserved EPF domain and 5 harbouring the stomagen domain. These proteins share 2-6 conserved motifs, reflecting functional modularity. The phylogenetic classification grouped these genes into five evolutionarily conserved clades containing both monocot and dicot homologues, indicating early divergence prior to monocot-dicot speciation. Expression profiling revealed distinct tissue-specific patterns: preferential expression in roots (12 genes), stems (6 genes), leaves (5 genes), and spikes (7 genes), with 3 genes showing dual peak expression in stems and leaves. Further analysis of gene expression under salt and drought stress revealed that AsEPF/EPFLs are induced by both types of stress, with different genes showing varying expression patterns under drought and salt stress. This study identified valuable candidate genes for high-yielding and stress-resistant oat breeding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".