Incidence and risk factors of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment following paediatric cataract surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract To determine the incidence and identify risk factors of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) following paediatric cataract surgery. This systematic review and meta‐analysis adhered to PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024538383). A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, up to December 2024. Studies were included if they reported on RRD following cataract surgery in paediatric populations (0–18 years) with a minimum follow‐up of 4 months. Data extraction was performed independently by two authors, with disagreements resolved through consultation with a third author. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale, and statistical analysis was performed using R software version 4.5.0, with leave‐one‐out analysis conducted for outcomes with substantial heterogeneity ( I 2 > 50%). The meta‐analysis included data from 5922 eyes across nine studies. The mean age of the participants was 7.08 ± 3.13 years, with a mean follow‐up duration of 4.02 years. The pooled incidence of RRD after paediatric cataract surgery was 2.4% [95% CI: 0.7%; 5.0%], with significant heterogeneity observed ( I 2 = 85.8%). Patients without primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation exhibited a numerically higher incidence of RRD (6.1% [95% CI: 0.6%; 15.9%]) compared to those with IOL implantation (1.9% [95% CI: 0.0%; 6.8%]); however, this difference was not found to be statistically significant ( p = 0.2667). Similarly, the incidence of RRD was 1.0% [95% CI: 0.3%; 2.2%] in unilaterally operated eyes and numerically higher at 2.1% [95% CI: 1.0%; 3.6%] in bilaterally operated eyes, though this difference was also not statistically significant ( p = 0.2563). Children with mental retardation demonstrated a significantly higher risk of RRD, with an incidence of 11.0% [95% CI: 6.6%; 16.4%]. Paediatric cataract surgery carries a notable risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, with significant variability in incidence across different patient populations. While numerically higher incidences of RRD were observed in patients without primary IOL implantation and in bilaterally operated eyes compared to their counterparts, these differences did not reach statistical significance in this meta‐analysis. The presence of mental retardation was identified as a significant risk factor. Enhanced postoperative monitoring and individualised surgical approaches are recommended, particularly for high‐risk groups. Future research should focus on prospective studies with standardised protocols and longer follow‐up periods to better understand causal relationships and refine preventive strategies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.013 | 0.025 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.019 | 0.041 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".