The <scp>YEATS</scp> domain containing protein <scp>PyYEATS</scp> functions as a histone acetylation reader in the red seaweed <i>Pyropia yezoensis</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pyropia yezoensis, a key economic marine crop in Asia, serves as a model for red seaweed research. Previously, we determined that histone acetylation plays essential roles in the response to abiotic stresses and the formation of asexual spores in P. yezoensis. However, the reader proteins of acetylated histones remain to be identified. In this study, we characterized the gene encoding a YEATS domain-containing protein (PyYEATS) in P. yezoensis. The PyYEATS protein, mainly localized in nuclei with a small amount in cytosolic fractions in thalli, harbored a classic YEATS domain followed by a coiled-coil domain at the C-terminal. This locus exhibited conservation in domain structure compared with its homologs in other red algae and showed a closer relationship to animal GAS41 counterparts than plant YAFs. In vitro assays showed that the PyYEATS protein preferentially binds H3K14ac, H3K18ac, and H4K5ac and that the F105, W124, and F127 residues in the YEATS domain are essential for its affinity to these histone acetylation sites. Y2H and GST-pulldown approaches revealed an interaction of PyYEATS with S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHase), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3), and actin, among others, suggesting possible extra-transcriptional functions for PyYEATS. Finally, we observed that the transcript levels of this gene significantly increased after wounding in P. yezoensis thalli, pointing out a potential role in the P. yezoensis stress response. Our findings provide important insights into the evolution of chromatin readers of histone acetylation in red seaweeds and help to shed light on the biological function exerted by PyYEATS in this species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".