An Assessment of Harm in Adults—Adverse Childhood Experiences Screening in Primary Care: A Survey-Based Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACE-Q) screens for adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which are linked to increased disease risk. Although pediatric studies report no adverse effects of ACE-Q use, primary care data is limited. This study examined adult patients’ experiences with ACE-Q screening in primary care. Adults (18+) at a primary care center in London, Ontario, completed the ACE-Q and a follow-up questionnaire evaluating ACE screening experience. Correlations assessed relationships between ACE-Q scores and follow-up responses. Among 260 participants, 81% reported at least one ACE. Most (82%) felt comfortable discussing stressful childhood experiences with their healthcare provider. Higher ACE scores were associated with increased discomfort (r s = −0.166, P = 0.007), feeling upset by the ACE-Q (r s = 0.173, P = 0.005), and greater interest in learning about ACEs (r s = 0.177, P = 0.004). Overall, ACE-Q screening in primary care was generally well-received, with most patients recognizing its relevance despite some discomfort. These findings highlight the potential for integrating ACE screening into routine primary care to address long-term health risks. Further research is needed to confirm findings and optimize screening practices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".