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Record W4411080873 · doi:10.1007/s40279-025-02237-y

Implications and Applications of Stretch-Mediated Hypertrophy in Therapy, Rehabilitation and Athletic Training—An Outlook to Future Potential Applications

2025· article· en· W4411080873 on OpenAlexaff
Konstantin Warneke, José Afonso, Ewan Thomas, Jörn Rittweger, Andreas Konrad, Othmar Moser, Lars Hubertus Lohmann, Astrid Zech, Brad J. Schöenfeld, David G. Behm

Bibliographic record

VenueSports Medicine · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicSports injuries and prevention
Canadian institutionsMemorial University of Newfoundland
FundersFriedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
KeywordsMuscle hypertrophySports medicineMuscle atrophyPhysical medicine and rehabilitationMedicineAtrophyResistance trainingStrength trainingRehabilitationPhysical therapyPathologyCardiology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Muscle strength and hypertrophy are of high importance for almost every sport, but also for more general prevention and therapeutical approaches. While the most common way to enhance functional and structural muscle capacities is resistance training, there are scenarios in which a resistance training routine may not be feasible or may even be contraindicated. Recently published works showed the potential of high-volume static stretching programs when it comes to promoting muscle strength and hypertrophy, albeit with comparatively long stretching durations per bout in comparison with resistance training. Therefore, there is limited practical applicability of this training approach for healthy participants with access to dynamic training facilities and supervised training. However, there are potential settings in which stretch-mediated hypertrophy could be useful and should be investigated. This current opinion paper explores such potential settings, including in immobilization-induced atrophy, in patients with type 2 diabetes, and as a supplement to common resistance training routines to increase the accumulated volume of mechanical overload of the muscle in healthy or athletic populations. Static stretching might also be used to counteract atrophy in spaceflight because other forms of training that may induce sufficient levels of mechanical strain seem infeasible or impractical. Thus, we explore the potential applications of static stretching routines while considering the feasibility and opportunity for their practical implementation. Consequently, this current opinion paper provides a demand for further investigations of static stretch-mediated adaptations as a potential passive alternative with a focus on therapy and prevention.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.906
Threshold uncertainty score0.493

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.007
GPT teacher head0.287
Teacher spread0.280 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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