Conceptual Design of UNITY-2, the Fuel Cycle Test Facility for Fusion Pilot Plants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
UNITY-2 (UNique Integrated Testing facilitY) is a facility designed to replicate the architecture of the deuterium-tritium fuel cycle of a fusion pilot plant (FFP) on a smaller scale. The facility will operate continuously at a steady-state flow rate of 2.3 Pa m3 s−1 using gas puffing, and will allow for the injection of fuel pellets for shorter periods with up to 27.5 Pa m3 s−1. UNITY-2 will demonstrate a fully integrated deuterium-tritium fuel cycle using a license for up to 30 g of tritium at Chalk River Laboratories, therefore reducing the risk of producing a FFP on a decadal timeframe. Its novelty, relative to past and planned fuel cycle experimental demonstrations, lies in the continuous and fully integrated operation, an inner fuel cycle that includes a direct internal recycling loop, an inner and outer loop, and a breeder cycle based on lithium lead coolant. UNITY-2 has a full suite of detritiation systems to demonstrate as low as reasonably achievable releases. Following the successful integrated operation, the technology readiness will reach a maturity to be applied to FFPs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".