Physical Activity and Exercise for Cardiometabolic Health and Fitness in CKD
Bibliographic record
Abstract
People with CKD have a high cardiovascular (CV) disease burden. Physical activity and exercise can improve CV risk, but adaptations are specific to the activity performed. Therefore, changes in individual CV risk factors may be influenced by variables such as the volume and type of exercise. This narrative review will outline the evidence for the effects of physical activity and exercise type on cardiometabolic risk factors in adults and provide insights for patients and clinicians. Current evidence suggests that changes in risk factors such as cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition demonstrate specificity to exercise type across the CKD spectrum. However, limited data for each exercise type within some subgroups ( e.g ., disease stage), trial heterogeneity, and other barriers limit the ability to draw definitive conclusions regarding optimal exercise type for some outcomes. Despite these gaps, evidence supports physical activity and exercise's role in improving CV health in people with CKD. A greater emphasis on activity counseling, multifactorial interventions, and implementation strategies may help to maximize the effects of physical activity and exercise on CV health in people with CKD.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".