Identification and characterization of <i>Colletotrichum</i> species associated with anthracnose disease of passion fruit in Guangxi, China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims.) originated in Brazil and was introduced to China in 1988. The fruit is popular because it has a strong aroma and rich nutritional value. Anthracnose can damage the leaves and fruits of passion fruit, leading to foliar lesions and fruit rot, resulting in serious economic losses. To identify the species of Colletotrichum on passion fruit in Guangxi, diseased samples were collected from Nanning, Qinzhou, Baise, and Beiliu. Forty strains of Colletotrichum with similar morphological characteristics were isolated from the samples with symptoms of anthracnose. Based on phylogenetic analyses involving six loci (ITS, GAPDH, ACT, CHS-1, TUB2, CAL), along with morphological analyses, 40 representative isolates were placed into 10 recognized Colletotrichum species, including C. plurivorum (40%), C. truncatum (22.5%), C. karsti (10%), C. siamense (7.5%), C. brasiliense (5%), C. brevisporum (5%), C. vittalense (2.5%), C. liaoningense (2.5%), C. guangdongense (2.5%), C. citricola (2.5%). In pathogenicity tests, attached leaves and detached fruits of passion fruit (variety Passion fruit gold) were inoculated with 20 μL of spore suspension (106 spores mL−1) applied to each wound site. All 10 species of Colletotrichum were found to be pathogenic to leaves and fruits. This study represents the first reports of C. liaoningense, C. guangdongense, C. citricola, and C. vittalense from passion fruit.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".