The Rol of Social Withdrawal and Alexithymia in Predicting Emotional Deprivation among Visually Impaired Children in Palestine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: The current study aimed to uncover the levels of social withdrawal, alexithymia, and emotional deprivation among visually impaired children in Palestine, and to examine the predictive power of social withdrawal and alexithymia in emotional deprivation among the study sample. Method: The descriptive approach was adopted for its suitability to the study's purpose. Sample: The study was conducted on a sample of 96 visually impaired children aged between 12 and 17 years, selected using the convenience sampling method from the governorates of Jenin and Ramallah. Tools: Three scales were used: social withdrawal which consists of 22 items, the Alexithymia Scale Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) which consists of 22 items, and the Emotional Deprivation Scale in its final form consisting of 34 items. Results: The study found that the levels of social withdrawal, alexithymia, and emotional deprivation were low. It also showed a positive relationship between social withdrawal, alexithymia, and emotional deprivation. The results indicated that the levels of social withdrawal and alexithymia significantly contribute to the variation in emotional deprivation among visually impaired children in Palestine. Recommendations: The study recommended that families should be made aware of the importance of maintaining strong family relationships for children with visual impairments, as these relationships have a significant impact on their psychological and emotional development. الهدف: هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى الكشف عن مستوى كل من الانسحاب الاجتماعي والالكسثيميا والحرمان العاطفي لدى الأطفال ذوي الإعاقة البصرية في فلسطين، والتحقق من القوة التنبؤية للانسحاب الاجتماعي والألكسثيميا في الحرمان العاطفي لدى عينة الدراسة. المنهج: تم الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي لمناسبته غرض الدراسة. العينة: طبقت الدراسة على عينة مكونة من (96) طفلا̋ من من ذوي الإعاقة البصرية ممن تتراوح أعمارهم بين (12- 17) عاما̋ تم اختيارهم بطريقة العينة المتيسرة من محافظتي جنين ورام الله. الأدوات: استخدم ثلاثة مقاييس هي: الانسحاب الاجتماعي، وهو مكون من (22) فقرة، مقياس الالكسثيميا وهو مقياس تورنتو (TAS-20) ، وهو مكون من (22) فقرة، ومقياس الحرمان العاطفي والمؤلف بصيغته النهائية من (34) فقرة. النتائج: توصلت الدراسة إلى أن مستوى الانسحاب الاجتماعي والالكسثيميا والحرمان العاطفي كان منخفضا̋، كما تبين أيضا̋ وجود علاقة إيجابية بين الانسحاب الاجتماعي والالكسثيميا والحرمان العاطفي، وأوضحت النتائج أن مستوى الانسحاب الاجتماعي والالكسثيميا يسهمان إسهاماً دال إحصائياً في تباين الحرمان العاطفي لدى الأطفال ذوي الإعاقة البصرية في فلسطين. التوصيات: أوصت الدراسة بضرورة توعية الأسرة إلى الاهتمام بالعلاقات الأسرية لذوي الإعاقة البصرية لما لها من تأثير على النمو النفسي والعاطفي لهم.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".