Bibliographic record
Abstract
The word “Usool” is the plural of the word “Asl" which means the base or root of something. Every area of study or knowledge has some basic maxims which help to explore and understand that area of study, whereas the literal meaning of the word Tafsīr is to describe and explain things clearly. In terms of connotative meaning, Tafsīr is that are of study which describes the meanings of Quranic terms, its implications and the logics behind particular rules of Quran. Imām Ibn-e-Taimia says: “Usool are the collection of those rules which must be considered by Mufassireen to interpret the words of Quran and to derive logics and wisdom from the verses of Quran” The objectives of the Ilm-e-Tafsīr is to describe the meanings of the words of Quran , explanations of the verses of Quran and the Tafsīr of the meanings of the Quranic verses so that to get benefits from Quran in this world and world hereafter. In the era of prophet Mohammad (SAW), his companions used to understand the meanings of Quran directly by prophet Mohammad (SAW), so there were 10 famous Mufassireen in the age of prophet Mohammad (SAW) excluding four caliphs. They are the following: Hazrat Abdullah Ibn Masood, Hazrat Abdullah Ibn Abbas, Hazrat Ubaee Ibn Ka‘b, Hazrat Zaid Ibn Thābit, Hazrat Abū Mousa Ash̒arī and Hazrat Abdullah Ibn Zuabir . In the age of prophet Mohammad (SAW) there were four derivatives of Tfseer-e-Quran: 1. Quran Hakeem 2. Ahaadith3.Ijtehad and Sayings of Shahba.4. Ahl-e-Kitāb. In this topic Usool-e-Tafseer, its history and its evolution will be discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.977 | 0.982 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".