Target Screening and Validation of the Antitumor Effect of Saponin Extract From <i>Holothuria leucospilota</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper aimed to isolate and characterize the saponins from Holothuria leucospilota and investigate their potential antitumor effects and antitumor targets using network pharmacology and bioinformatics. The purified saponins were analyzed using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Ten saponins were identified. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that H. leucospilota saponins exhibited significant dose-dependent inhibition on HepG2, Panc02, and UM-UC-3 cell proliferation and differentiation. In addition, through network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and molecular docking, a total of 22 key tumor targets of H. leucospilota saponins were identified. Then, the reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that the saponins from H. leucospilota can inhibit the expression of target genes AURKB, BIRC5, CHEK1, PTGS2, and MMP9, and may affect the neuroactive ligand-receptor signaling pathway, thereby suppressing tumor proliferation and migration. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that the saponin extract from H. leucospilota has potential application value in tumor therapy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".