Defect investigation in irradiated ATLAS18 ITk Strip Sensors using transient spectroscopy techniques
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the upgrade of the LHC to the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), the Inner Detector will be replaced with the new all-silicon ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk). Comprising an active area of 165 m 2 , the outer detector layers will host strip modules, built with single-sided micro-strip sensors. The ATLAS18 main sensors were tested at different institutes in the collaboration for mechanical and electrical compliance with technical specifications, while technological parameters were verified on test structures from the same wafers before and after irradiation. Diodes fabricated as test structures were studied using variants of Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy (DLTS). Irradiated diode samples were measured with Current-DLTS, using both electrical and photo-induced injection. Utilising DLTS spectra with varying test parameters, trap energy levels and cross-sections associated with defects were obtained. This was done to improve the precision of sensor simulations as well as to compile a more complete model of radiation damage in ITk Strip Sensors. Moreover, previously observed features such as an increasing trend in the full depletion voltage after irradiation and little beneficial annealing in charge collection after high fluence irradiation of high energy protons were also investigated. Results obtained for samples with radiation damage from different sources at various fluences were compared.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".