Changes of regional brain activity in frontal areas associated with cognitive impairment in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients: a resting-state fMRI study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) can lead to cognitive impairment, however, its central neural mechanism is still unclear. Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were collected from 31 severe OSAHS patients and 28 healthy controls (HCs). Both regional homogeneity (ReHo) and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) measures were calculated and compared between groups. Moreover, the correlations between abnormal regions and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores were evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis. Finally, ROC analysis was performed to evaluate the values of abnormal brain regions for distinguishing OSAHS patients from HCs. Results: OSAHS patients had decreased MoCA scores when compared with HCs. In comparison with HCs, increased ReHo values were found in the left and right rolandic operculum of OSAHS patients. In addition, decreased fALFF values were identified in the right superior frontal gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, left angular gyrus while increased fALFF values were identified in the left thalamus, right thalamus and right putamen of OSAHS patients. Positive relationships were found between fALFF values of the right superior frontal gyrus and MoCA scores in the patient group. The results of ROC analysis showed that the combined model of (ReHo and fALFF values of all abnormal brain regions) could effectively distinguish OSAHS from HCs. Conclusion: Severe OSAHS patients showed decreased brain activities, which were associated with the decreased cognition of patients. In addition, abnormal brain regions could help distinguishing OSAHS patients from HCs. These findings provided new insights about the potential pathogenesis of cognitive impairment caused by OSAHS from the perspective of changes in brain activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".