Implementation of group interpersonal therapy to treat depression in people living with HIV: A first evaluation of IPT dissemination in Senegal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Group interpersonal therapy (IPT) was introduced to Senegal to treat depression in people living with HIV (PLWH), using a task-shifting approach. Following successful implementation at a tertiary-level hospital in Dakar, we evaluate IPT’s acceptability, feasibility and benefits in primary and secondary-level suburban health facilities. We assess the impact of IPT adaptations and organizational changes and identify sustainability requirements. PLWH with depression received group IPT following the World Health Organization protocol. Acceptability, feasibility and implementation aspects were assessed quantitatively and qualitatively following specific conceptual frameworks. Depressive symptoms severity (PHQ-9) and functioning (WHODAS) were measured pre-, post-treatment and at 3-month follow-up. General linear mixed models were used to describe changes in outcomes over time. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Of 84 participants (median age: 45, female>50%), 81 completed group IPT. Enrolment refusal and dropout rates were 7% and 4%. Ninety-seven percent attended at least seven sessions out of eight. Depressive symptoms and functioning significantly improved by therapy’s end ( β = 12,2, CI 95% [11.6, 12.8] and β = 8.5, CI 95% [7.3, 9.7], respectively) with gains being sustained 3 months later ( p = 0.94 and 0.99, respectively). Adaptations and organizational changes proved successful, but depression screening and diagnosis communication to patients remained challenging. Emerging needs included a tailored patient care pathway and confidentiality. Participants advocated for depression care integration into HIV services. Group IPT’s successful implementation in various ecological and organizational contexts in Senegal indicates high acceptability and feasibility. Sustainability may be enhanced by addressing specific needs at multiple levels (individual, organizational, systemic). A comprehensive reflection on strategies to sustain and scale up group IPT is the next logical step.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".