Family functioning and youth adjustment: The role of sibling and friend security
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study examined the extent to which specific facets of family functioning were associated with adolescents' internalizing difficulties and the moderating effect of relationship security with a sibling and a best friend. This two-wave longitudinal study included 335 adolescents ( M = 10.86, SD = 0.73) who completed a series of questionnaires on sibling and best friend security, as well as internalizing difficulties. Parents completed a measure on family functioning, which included two balanced scales (i.e., cohesion, flexibility) and four unbalanced scales (i.e., chaos, rigidity, enmeshment, disengagement). Results indicated that family chaos at T1 predicted increased depressed affect at T2. Additionally, cohesion predicted less depressed affect when sibling security was high. Chaos predicted greater depressed affect when friendship security was low or average. These findings provide support for the need to consider the specific familial and relational experiences that account for adolescents' social and emotional well-being.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".