Engineered Vacuum-Incorporated Rubidium Iodide for CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Solar Cell Stability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide A cation engineering strategy is crucial for optimizing CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (MAPbI 3 )-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and for controlling their interfacial properties to achieve high stability. In this study, we used vacuum-deposited rubidium iodide (RbI) and induced incorporation into solution-processed MAPbI 3 to obtain high-quality dense perovskite films for highly stable PSCs. An optimized 10 nm film of RbI was deposited and incorporated on both interfaces of the MAPbI 3 film, at the interfaces with the electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL), forming the structure RbI–MAPbI 3 –RbI. This significantly enhanced the host MAPbI 3 morphology, grain size, and crystallinity. PSCs with RbI–MAPbI 3 –RbI as perovskite film exhibited power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) as high as 17.50%, whereas the pristine MAPbI 3 devices reached 14.81%. The RbI–MAPbI 3 –RbI-based devices (non-encapsulated) retained over 95% of their initial PCE after 2300 h in ambient air under a relative humidity of 25%–35%. RbI incorporation improves the hydrophobicity of the perovskite film, leading to an improvement in moisture stability. The present work demonstrates the potential for developing highly stable perovskite devices through precise RbI incorporation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".