Effect of Sc and Zr microalloying on recrystallization behavior of 1xxx aluminum heat exchanger alloys during post-deformation annealing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract 1xxx-series aluminum alloys are widely utilized in heat exchangers. During brazing, heat exchanger components are exposed to a short period of high temperature, which may trigger recrystallization and abnormal grain growth, ultimately compromising their mechanical properties. This study investigates the impact of Sc and Zr microalloying on the microstructure stability of hot deformed 1xxx alloys subjected to post-deformation annealing from 500 to 575 °C for 1 h to simulate brazing-type processes. Four alloys were studied: namely 1xxx base, Al-0.07Sc, Al-0.07Sc-0.10Zr and Al-0.19Sc-0.15Zr alloys. Annealing at 500 °C led to complete recrystallization in the base alloy, while higher annealing temperatures promoted abnormal grain growth. The Al-0.07Sc alloy resisted recrystallization at 500 °C but was fully recrystallized by 550 °C. In contrast, the Al-0.07Sc-0.10Zr alloy retained its grain stability up to 550 °C owing to the presence of stable Al3(Sc,Zr) precipitates; however, partial recrystallization occurred at 575 °C. The Al-0.19Sc-0.15Zr alloy preserved most of deformed microstructure even after annealing at 575 °C. It showed the highest recrystallization resistance among the four alloys studied owing to its highest number density and finest size of Al3(Sc,Zr) precipitates, which suggests that this alloy can be applied in even more extreme conditions including brazing temperatures above 575 °C.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".