Body Size and Thermal Sensitivity of a Facultative Air‐Breathing Fish Amidst Environmental Change
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Many freshwater fish populations are increasingly required to respond to warming waters and low dissolved oxygen concentrations as a result of land‐use change and climate change. In addition, the average size of fish in harvested populations can be drastically reduced due to heavy fishing pressure. These factors may be more pronounced in African countries due to current high rates of forest conversion and a greater dependency on local fish catch. To investigate the relationship between fish body size and heat tolerance, we compared the upper thermal tolerance limits (estimated as the Critical Thermal Maximum, CT max ) of the smooth‐head catfish ( Clarias liocephalus ), a facultative air‐breathing fish, sampled from Lwamunda Swamp, Uganda. We included additional CT max trials under low dissolved oxygen concentrations (0.20–0.50 mg/L) to test for potential interactive effects between body size and hypoxia on upper thermal tolerance. Body size did not affect C. liocephalus upper thermal limits, as small and large individuals had similar CT max values. CT max values decreased under hypoxic conditions but were similar across a range of body sizes. The agitation temperature (temperature during the CT max trials when individuals appeared to become agitated, likely avoidance behaviour) was positively related to body size. This suggests that smaller individuals may be more thermally sensitive than larger fish in terms of their behavioural response to acute temperature increase.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".