Bibliographic record
Abstract
Whit the advent of the industrial revolation in the 18 th century and the birth of the modern penal law schools, justification and legitimization of the capital-punishment were the most recent concerns of philosophers and thinkers in the field of the normative ethical.In the normative ethical charter, there are two major theoies, the task-orinted theory, and the other ultimate-orrented theory, the two theories have been defined and interpreted during the history, but the sharing point of the both judgments about correctness or rnaccuracy of human behavior, therefore justification of 1. Retribution and the principles of criminalization and punishment in the field of the normative ethics (task-orinted and ultimate-oriented) is discussed.The most principle drstinction criterion between task -oriented form ultimate-oriented in justification of the death-penalty is the relation and and proportion between the right and benefit.The task-orinteds belive that welfore is the same that is created by acting of the death penalty, regardless of its consequences, they valorize for rnberently to enforce of the capital-punishment for the criminer as reward.The task-orinteds in enfore of the capital-punishment regard to the past and they belive a good acting, regardless of its possible consequnces it deserves admiration in the future.As a bad acting, regardless of its possible resulte and consequences it deserves punishment in the future.For this reason, in enforce the death-penalty, they use of the broader and winder concepts.And they lxlieve that jushe requires a criminal to be executed, even if with enforce of the copital-punisment it does not benefit for the society.But against ultimate-orinteds belive that the right cause the general welfar, then the capitalpunishment is itself an evil and they consider it entirely consequential, because the copital-punishment is meaning ful when it creates good effects in the futur, otherwise it is completely futile.On the same basis, the purpose of the capital-punishment is not to annoy the sensitive creatur, nor the eliminate the crime which previously committed, but the purpose is to prevention of genenral and specificm so the capital-punishment is not itself worthiness and what is important is the socail benefit of punishment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.965 | 0.963 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".