Fecal CD200 as a Measure of Immunosuppressive CD200L and Proinflammatory CD200S at the Feto‐Maternal Interface
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Problem Patients with diarrhea‐predominant irritable bowel syndrome have an increased risk of recurrent miscarriage (RM). Loss of chromosomally normal post‐implantation embryos is triggered by the proinflammatory cytokines interferon‐γ and TNF‐α from NK cells and macrophages. Mouse models of RM similar to human unexplained RM have implicated fecal LPS as an important abortifacient. However, subnormal expression of immunosuppressive CD200L at the feto‐maternal interface has also been implicated in RM. Human stool contains desquamated epithelium expressing immunosuppressive CD200L and stromal CD56 + NK cells releasing proinflammatory CD200S + granules. We asked if subnormal epithelial CD200L was associated with increased degranulation of stromal CD200 + CD56 + NK cells. Systemic effects would include an augmented proinflammatory milieu at the feto‐maternal decidual interface. Methods of Study Quantitative analysis of biopsies of proximal and distal colon for immunostained for CD200L, CD200S, and CD56‐positive cells. CD200 ELISA Assay of stool extracts was done. Results Epithelium and underlying stroma showed CD200L + cells, CD200S + cells, and CD56 + cells releasing CD200S‐positive granules. As epithelial CD200L expression decreased, the proportion of the degranulating CD56 + cells significantly increased. Degranulation was significantly greater in irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea predominant subtype (IBS‐D) cases compared to controls. CD200L was detected in stool extracts. Conclusions Decreased epithelial CD200L increased both CD66 + CD200S + stromal cells and their degranulation. This implies potential functional effects. Stool CD200 may reflect the level of CD200 at the feto‐maternal decidual interface.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".